Amlexanox

Amlexanox (trade name Aphthasol) is an anti-inflammatory antiallergic immunomodulator used to treat recurrent aphthous ulcers (canker sores), and (in Japan) several inflammatory conditions. This drug has been discontinued in the U.S. Amlexanox (trade name Aphthasol) is an anti-inflammatory antiallergic immunomodulator used to treat recurrent aphthous ulcers (canker sores), and (in Japan) several inflammatory conditions. This drug has been discontinued in the U.S. Amlexanox is the active ingredient in a common topical treatment for recurrent aphthous ulcers of the mouth (canker sores), reducing both healing time and pain. Amlexanox 5% paste is well-tolerated, and is typically applied four times per day directly on the ulcers. A 2011 review found it to be the most effective treatment of the eight treatments investigated for recurrent canker sores. It is also used to treat ulcers associated with Behçet disease. In Japan, it is used to treat bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis. The drug is contraindicated in those with known allergies to it. Amlexanox may cause a slightly painful stinging or burning sensation, nausea or diarrhea. The drug is an anti-inflammatory, antiallergic immunomodulator. Its mechanism of action is not well-determined, but it might inhibit inflammation by inhibiting the release of histamine and leukotrienes. It has been shown to selectively inhibt TBK1 and IKK-ε, producing reversible weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity, reduced inflammation and attenuated hepatic steatosis without affecting food intake in obese mice. It produced a statistically significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin and fructosamine in obese patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease The chemical itself is an odorless, white to yellowish-white powder. The 5% preparation for patient use is an adherent beige paste, and it is also available in some countries as a tablet that adheres to the ulcer in the mouth.