Recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based glycoproteomics in complex biological samples

Abstract Protein glycosylation plays a key role in various biological processes and disease-related pathological progression. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based glycoproteomicsis a powerful approach that provides a system-wide profiling of the glycoproteomein a high-throughput manner. There have been numerous significant technological advances in this field, including improved glycopeptideenrichment, hybrid fragmentation techniques, emerging specialized software packages, and effective quantitation strategies, as well as more dedicated workflows. With increasingly sophisticated glycoproteomicstools on hand, researchers have extensively adapted this approach to explore different biological systemsboth in terms of in-depth glycoproteomeprofiling and comparative glycoproteomeanalysis. Quantitative glycoproteomicsenables researchers to discover novel glycosylation-based biomarkers in various diseases with potential to offer better sensitivity and specificity for disease diagnosis. In this review, we present recent methodological developments in MS-based glycoproteomicsand highlight its utility and applications in answering various questions in complex biological systems.