8-1A, a human monoclonal antibody that reacts with intact human chorionic gonadotropin.
2006
Abstract The incidence of
choriocarcinomahas decreased over time and therapeutic results have improved about 90% complete remission in patients without extensive metastasis. However, some
choriocarcinomasmetastasize to other organs and show resistance to chemotherapy, having a poor prognosis despite multidisciplinary treatment. Better methods of early diagnosis for recurrence or
micrometastasis, and treatment against cases with intractable
gestational trophoblastic neoplasia(GTN) are needed to improve the prognosis.
Human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone composed of two dissimilar subunits and a tumor marker to make a diagnosis and monitor therapeutic effect in GTN. Even when hCG levels in the serum become too low to measure with the hCG β-CTP system which is the most sensitive assay, there are estimated to be approximately 10,000
trophoblastic cellsin the body. Residual
trophoblast cellsmay cause symptoms such as bleeding or undergo malignant transformation to
choriocarcinoma. Since most
monoclonal antibodiesdeveloped so far are murine, administration creates
human anti-mouse antibodies, resulting in clinical failure. More recent mouse/human
chimeric antibodiesor
humanized antibodiesstill possess substantial immunogenicity that makes repeated administration difficult. In the present study, KM mice that can produce completely human
monoclonal antibodieswere used to prepare hCG-specific human
monoclonal antibody. This yielded 8-1A, a human
monoclonal antibodycapable of reacting with intact hCG. In the future, new diagnostic techniques and treatments for chorionic diseases may be developed using this kind of human
monoclonal antibody.
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