Candidate bioinks for 3D bioprinting soft tissue

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a novel technology involving an accurate deposition of cells in a predesigned shape for use in regenerative medicine. It is relevant to reconstructive surgery for both its lack of need of patient grafts and aesthetic outcome. It is crucial that the biomaterials used in the bioprinter (bioink) are ideal for the clinical need. This chapter discusses the bioinks as well as the different approaches used with the bioinks, and a systematic selection process that can be utilized to decide what bioink to use depending on the application. Although there are some limitations, researchers have attempted to address many of the issues. The future perspective of the field is also given with the potential in combination with several other cutting-edge technologies such as genetic engineering and nanotechnology.