Epidemiological and clinical features of 30 cases of epidemic encephalitis type B

The goal of the current study was aimed to examine the epidemiological and clinical features of epidemic encephalitis type B and to improve the levels of diagnosis and treatment.The clinical data of 30 patients with epidemic encephalitis type B were analyzed retrospectively.Although all people are susceptible to this disease,children were more easily affected.More than 90% of the cases occurred in summer and autumn.All patients presented with fever and intracranial hypertension.Twenty-one patients(70.0%)experienced a conscious disturbance.Fourteen patients(46.7%)presented with a tic and 8 patients(26.7%)experienced respiratory failure.Signs of meningeal irritation were positive in 20 cases and pathological signs were positive in 18 cases.The level of protein was high and leukocyte count was below 300×106/L in cerebrospinal fluid.The contents of chloride and glucose were normal.The positive rate of epidemic encephalitis type B-specific IgM antibody in cerebrospinal fluid was 100%.Twenty-three cases were cured or improved(76.7%),4 cases voluntarily discharged against medical advice(13.3%)and 3 patients died(10.0%).The results showed that epidemic encephalitis type B was most common in summer and autumn and that children and adolescents in epidemic areas were most susceptible.A correct diagnosis of epidemic encephalitis type B can be made by detecting specific IgM antibody in cerebrospinal fluid and blood.Symptomatic and supportive treatments are key parts of therapy.