Synthesis of mulberry leaf extract mediated gold nanoparticles and their ameliorative effect on Aluminium intoxicated and diabetic retinopathy in rats during perinatal life

Abstract The present report showed the green synthesis of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Mulberry leaf extract via an environment friendly approach and investigated to know the probable ameliorative effect via biochemical assessment on retinopathy of rats that are maternally subjected to Al intoxication and diabetes. Mulberry leaf extract biomolecules act as capping and reducing agent for fabrication of AgNPs. Later, the fabricated AgNPs were characterized by using spectroscopic and microscopic instrumental techniques such as HR-TEM, UV–Vis, XRD and FT-IR. EDS, XRD and TEM have confirmed the synthesis of AgNPs. HRTEM results exhibited that the formed AgNPs are polydispersed and spherical in nature with mean particle size of 35 nm. Microscopic observation of retina in Al-intoxicated and diabetic mother rats showed abnormal changes in retinal cell layers. Yet, the retina of rats that are maternally received AgNPs plus diabetes or Al-intoxicated exhibited noticeable amelioration. However, lower ameliorations were found in rat's retina that are maternally undergone for combined exposure. Additionally, biochemical assessment revealed that the application of AgNPs caused the amelioration of the changes in Al concentration and maternal serum glucose. The present study revealed that AgNPs are active against diabetic and Aluminium-persuaded developmental retinopathy.