Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral-current interactions in SNO
2002
The
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory(SNO) is a 1,000 tonne
heavy waterCerenkov‐based
neutrino detectorsituated 2,000 meters underground in INCO’s Creighton Mine near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. For the
neutrinosfrom 8B decay in the Sun SNO observes the
Charged Current
neutrinoreaction sensitive only to
electron neutrinosand others (
Neutral Currentand Elastic Scattering) sensitive to all active
neutrinotypes and thereby can search for direct evidence of
neutrinoflavor change. Using these reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the ve component of the 8B solar flux is φe = 1.76−0.05+0.05(
stat.)−0.09+0.09 (syst.) × 106 cm−2s−1 for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non‐ve component is φμτ = 3.41−0.45+0.45(
stat.)−0.45+0.48 (syst.) × 106 cm−2s−1, 5.3σ greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar ve flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is φNC = 5.09−0.43+0.44(
stat.)−0.43+0.46 (syst.) × 106 cm−2s−1, consistent with solar models. For
charged currentevents, ...
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