Profile of cerebrovascular accidents in subjects with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus in intensive care units of tertiary care centre

Background and Aims: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a modifiable and independent risk factor for stroke. As the clinical features, radiological profile, outcome and prognosis of the stroke in type 2 diabetic and non diabetic patients are significantly variable, we proposed to evaluate these variations of stroke in patients with or without Type 2 DM. Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted from January, 2011 to June, 2012 on in-hospital admitted diabetic and non diabetic patients presenting with stroke. Data was recorded on a predesigned Performa. Results: A total of 150 cases were enrolled into the study. Out of these, 66% of patients had ischemic stroke and 34% of patients had hemorrhagic stroke. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was present in 52% patients. Ischemic stroke was significantly higher in diabetics than non diabetics (P = 0.007); however, hemorrhagic stroke was more in non diabetics. Mean age was significantly higher in diabetics (P = 0.04). CAD (P = 0.04), recurrent stroke (P = 0.006) had significant association with diabetes. Large vessel stroke was more common than small vessel stroke. Anterior circulation stroke was more common than posterior circulation stroke. There was significant improvement in morbidity and disability of the patients on follow up with treatment. Conclusions: A greater incidence of anterior circulation ischemic stroke, and recurrent strokes occur in patients with DM.