Regulatory role of CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase) in insulin secretion by glucose in pancreatic beta cells. Enhanced insulin secretion in CD38-expressing transgenic mice.
1995
Abstract
Cyclic ADP-ribose(cADPR) serves as a second messenger for Ca2+ mobilization in insulin secretion, and
CD38has both
ADP-ribosylcyclase and cADPR
hydrolaseactivities (Takasawa, S., Tohgo, A., Noguchi, N., Koguma, T., Nata, K., Sugimoto, T., Yonekura, H., and Okamoto, H.(1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 26052-26054). Here, we produced
transgenicmice overexpressing human
CD38in pancreatic β cells. The enzymatic activity of
CD38in
transgenicislets was greatly increased, and ATP efficiently inhibited the cADPR
hydrolaseactivity. The Ca2+ mobilizing activity of cell extracts from
transgenicislets incubated in high glucose was 3-fold higher than that of the control, suggesting that ATP produced by glucose metabolism increased cADPR accumulation in
transgenicislets. Glucose- and ketoisocaproate-induced but not
tolbutamide- nor KCl-induced insulin secretions from
transgenicislets were 1.7-2.3-fold higher than that of control. In glucose-tolerance tests, the
transgenicserum insulin level was higher than that of control. The present study provides the first evidence that
CD38has a regulatory role in insulin secretion by glucose in β cells, suggesting that the Ca2+ release from intracellular cADPR-sensitive Ca2+ stores as well as the Ca2+ influx from extracellular sources play important roles in insulin secretion.
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