Anthocyanin identification and composition of wild Vitis spp. accessions by using LC–MS and LC–NMR

Abstract The composition and concentration of anthocyaninsof grape berry skins were analyzed in order to assess phenotypic variation between four grape wine varieties belonging to 4 different species: Vitis vinifera , Vitis amurensis, Vitis cinereaand Vitis X champinii . High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and NMR spectroscopy (LC–NMR) were used to separate and identify the structure of anthocyaninspresent in these species. Combination of LC–MS and LC–NMR data resulted in the identification of 33 anthocyanins. In particular, newly reported cis isomers of p -coumaric-derivatives were identified ( petunidin-, peonidin- and malvidin-3-(6- p -coumaroyl)-5-diglucoside). In V. cinerea and V. vinifera , anthocyaninswere monoglucoside derivatives whereas in V. amurensis and V. X champinii , both mono- and diglucoside derivatives were identified. Malvidin-, delphinidin- and petunidin-derivatives were, respectively, the most abundant components in V. cinerea and V. vinifera , V. amurensis and V. X champinii .