SOFIA/HAWC+ traces the magnetic fields in NGC 1068
2019
We report the first detection of galactic spiral structure by means of thermal emission from magnetically aligned dust grains. Our 89 $\mu$m polarimetric imaging of NGC 1068 with the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera/
Polarimeter(HAWC+) on NASA's
Stratospheric Observatoryfor
Infrared Astronomy(SOFIA) also sheds light on magnetic field structure in the vicinity of the galaxy's inner-bar and
active galactic nucleus(AGN). We find correlations between the 89 $\mu$m magnetic field vectors and other tracers of spiral arms, and a symmetric polarization pattern as a function of the azimuthal angle arising from the projection and inclination of the disk field component in the plane of the sky. The observations can be fit with a
logarithmic spiralmodel with pitch angle of $16.9^{+2.7}_{-2.8}$$^{\circ}$ and a disk inclination of $48\pm2^{\circ}$. We infer that the bulk of the
interstellar mediumfrom which the polarized dust emission originates is threaded by a magnetic field that closely follows the spiral arms. Inside the central starburst disk ($<1.6$ kpc), the
degreeof
polarizationis found to be lower than for far-infrared sources in the Milky Way, and has minima at the locations of most intense star formation near the outer ends of the inner-bar. Inside the starburst ring, the field direction deviates from the model, becoming more radial along the leading edges of the inner-bar. The polarized flux and dust temperature peak $\sim 3-6''$ NE of the AGN at the location of a bow shock between the AGN outflow and the surrounding
interstellar medium, but the AGN itself is weakly polarized ($< 1$%) at both 53 and 89 $\mu$m.
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