Optimal Market Participation of Pumped Storage Hydropower Plants Considering Hydraulic Short-Circuit Operation

This paper presents a price-taker model that determines the optimal market participation strategies and scheduling for a closed-loop pumped storage hydropower plant with hydraulic short-circuit technology. The objective is to maximize the income of a pumped storage hydropower plant from providing various grid services. In contrast to many previous studies, this work considers the whole range of market products, including capacity, energy, and ancillary services in day-ahead and real-time. Also, the presented model can simultaneously consider multiple markets and determine the best market participation strategies for each unit. The presented model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming model to account for the various operating modes, including generation, pumping, and hydraulic short-circuit operations. Finally, a detailed case study is analyzed in detail.