Gut microbiota adaptation after weight loss by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy bariatric surgeries
2019
Abstract Background Gut microbiota could be involved in the metabolic improvement after surgery. Objective The aim of the current study was to evaluate the short-term evolution of the gut
microbiomeafter different
bariatricsurgery procedures and their functionality, and relate it with obesity resolution. Setting University Hospital, Spain Methods We studied 28 patients with
severe obesity: 14 underwent a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and 14 underwent laparoscopic
sleeve gastrectomy(
SG). All patients were examined before and 3 months after the correspondent
bariatricsurgery. Gut
microbiomeprofile was assessed by the sequencing of amplicons from the 16sDNA gene by next generation sequencing (NGS). Results Gut microbiota profiles significantly differed between surgical procedures. RYGB suffered the largest changes in the microbiota population.
SGand RYGB differed in their profiles with higher levels of
Akkermansia,
Eubacterium, Haemophilus and Blautia for
SG, while
Veillonella,
Slackia, Granucatiella and
Acidaminococcusresulted with greater levels in RYGB. RYGB microbiota changes were reflected also at functionality level, especially in pathways related to environmental adaptation. A
biomarker discoveryanalysis revealed the genus Blautia as characteristic in
SG, while
Veillonellawas of RYGB. Conclusion Our study shows a shift of the gut
microbiomeafter a
bariatricsurgery in a procedure- related manner. Gut
microbiomechanges are related to the adaptation to the changing gut environment and could be related to the pH fluctuations.
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