Sex out of marriage and condom use among homeless youth in Iran.

Abstract Objectives Sexual behaviors of homeless youth in Iran have not been well studied. This study aimed to measure the frequency and associated factors of sex out of marriage and condom use among homeless youth in Kerman, Iran. Study design In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 202 homeless youth (age: 15–29 years who experienced 30 or more days of homelessness in the last 12 months) from 11 street locations between September to December 2017. Methods Of 202 participants, 169 (83.7%) reported sex in the last 12 months and were include in this analysis. We assessed the prevalence of sex out of marriage in the last 12 months, condom use in last sex, and then evaluated their covariates in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of sex out of marriage was 19.6% (95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 13.8%, 26.3%) and the prevalence of condom use was 43.8% (95% CI: 36.2%, 51.6%). Sex out of marriage was significantly correlated with male gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 24.38; 95% CI: 3.1–192.1) and being unmarried (AOR: 5.94; 95% CI: 2.3–15.5). Condom use was significantly correlated with male gender (AOR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.1–4.2) and higher educational status (AOR: 4.30; 95% CI: 2.1–8.8). Conclusion Our findings indicate that one in five homeless youth had sex out of marriage, and less than half did no use condom. These should be addressed by adapting education and harm reduction programs targeting this specific population in Iran.