The Effects of Insulin Resistance and Inflammation on Renal Proximal Tubule Sodium Transport and Hypertension

Insulin resistance, closely linked to inflammation, is recognized as a key factor in the onset and aggravation of diabetes, cardio-renal syndrome, hypertension, and obesity. In the renal proximal tubule, insulin resistancemay increase renal sodium reabsorption, leading to hypertension, edema and sometimes heart failure. Recently some anti-diabetic agents have been shown to have effects on the transporters in renal proximal tubule. Because renal proximal tubulemediates about 70% of sodium reabsorption, it is quite important to clarify the function of renal proximal tubuleunder insulin resistanceand inflammation.