Automatic Fault Detection in Transmission Lines using GSM Technology

The point of convergence of this paper on automatic fault detection in transmission lines by using GSM technology. The Electric Power System is divided into many sections. One of that is the transmission system, where transmission line is transfer the power from generating station to the consumer. Both methods could encounter various types of malfunctions is usually referred to as a “Fault”. Fault is simply defined as a number of undesirable but unavoidable incidents can temporarily disturb the stable condition of the power system that occurs when the insulation of the system fails at any point. A smart GSM based fault detection and location system was used to adequately and accurately indicate and locate where the fault had occured. This will ensure a shorter response time for technical crew to rectify these faults and thus help save transformers and other power devices from damage and disasters. The system uses a voltage transformer, a current transformer, 8051 Microcontroller, ADC, RS-232 connector, and a GSM modem. When the fault has occurs the system automatically detects faults, analyses and classifies these faults and then, calculates the fault distance from the control room using an impedance-based algorithm method. Finally, the fault information is transmitted to the control room. In conclusion, the time required to locate a fault is drastically reduced, as the system automatically and accurately provides accurate fault location information. By using this project, we can detect the faults of three phase transmission lines one can monitor the Temperature, Voltage, Current by means of GSM modem by sending message.