Further insight into the geographic distribution of Leishmania species in Peru by cytochrome b and mannose phosphate isomerase gene analyses
2019
To obtain further insight into geographic distribution of
Leishmaniaspecies in Peru, a countrywide survey, including central to southern rainforest areas where information on causative parasite species is limited, was performed based on
cytochrome b(cyt b) and
mannose phosphate isomerase(mpi) gene analyses. A total of 262 clinical samples were collected from patients suspected of
cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) in 28 provinces of 13 departments, of which 99 samples were impregnated on FTA (Flinders Technology Associates) cards and 163 samples were
Giemsa-stainedsmears.
Leishmaniaspecies were successfully identified in 83 (83.8%) of FTA-spotted samples and 59 (36.2%) of
Giemsa-stainedsmear samples. Among the 142 samples identified, the most dominant species was
Leishmania(Viannia) braziliensis (47.2%), followed by L. (V.) peruviana (26.1%), and others were L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) lainsoni, L. (V.) shawi, a hybrid of L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (V.) peruviana, and
Leishmania(
Leishmania)
amazonensis. Besides the present epidemiological observations, the current study provided the following findings: 1) A hybrid of L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (V.) peruviana is present outside the Department of Huanuco, the only place reported, 2) Many cases of CL due to L. (V.) lainsoni, an uncommon causative species in Peru, were observed, and 3) L. (V.) shawi is widely circulating in southern
Amazonianareas in Peru.
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