Advances in endothelial shear stress proteomics

The vascular endothelium lining the luminal surface of all blood vessels is constantly exposed to shear stressexerted by the flowing blood. Blood flow with high laminar shear stressconfers protection by activation of antiatherogenic, antithromboticand anti-inflammatory proteins, whereas low or oscillatory shear stressmay promote endothelial dysfunction, thereby contributing to cardiovascular disease. Despite the usefulness of proteomictechniques in medical research, however, there are relatively few reports on proteomeanalysis of cultured vascular endothelial cells employing conditions that mimic in vivo shear stressattributes. This review focuses on the proteomestudies that have utilized cultured endothelial cells to identify molecular mediators of shear stressand the roles they play in the regulation of endothelial function, and their ensuing effect on vascular function in general. It provides an overview on current strategies in shear stress-related proteomicsand the key proteins mediating it...