Tear inflammatory mediators and protein in eyes of post allogenic hematopoeitic stem cell transplant patients

Abstract Aim To analyze tear cytokines levels and their correlation to ocular surface parameters in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (allo-HSCT) patients. Methods Prospective longitudinal study of allo-HSCT patients and controls for ocular surface evaluation (OSDI, TBUT, Schirmer's test, staining scores), tear biochemical analysi for protein, cytokines [IL-10, IL-12, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, VEGF], MMPs [MMP 2, 9, 7, 13, 10 and chemokine (IL-8)], & VEGF on three consecutive follow up visits (at three monthly interval) was done. Results Of 24 post allo-HSCT patients (19 males, 5 females) & 12 controls (mean age 34.3 + 5.8 years) enrolled, 20 patients [mean age 33.4 + 7.77 years; mean time of recruitment of 5.2 + 2.12 months following alloHSCT] who completed three consecutive follow up visits were included for analysis. Ocular GVHD (oGVHD) was seen in 8 patients (33.3%). Tears biochemical analysis showed elevated levels of interferon γ, IL 6, IL 8, IL 10, IL 12AP70, IL 17A, MMP 9 and VEGF in oGVHD eyes as compared to non-oGVHD & control eyes. Non-oGVHD eyes showed elevated tear MMP 7 and MMP 9 as compared to healthy controls. Tear protein levels were significantly decreased in oGVHD eyes and were equivocal in nonGVHD and control eyes. TBUT and ocular staining scores to correlate best with tear interleukins and MMPs. Conclusion Evaluation of levels of tear VEGF, total protein & MMP 9 can be of significance in identifying oGVHD in post alloHSCT patients.