Postpartum heart failure complicated with thyroiditis: A concealed aggravator of peripartum cardiomyopathy?

Abstract The etiology of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains unestablished, but the involvement of abnormal autoimmunity has been suggested. We report a case of PPCM that was triggered by postpartum thyroiditis. Despite the presence of myocardial damage indicated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, the patient's cardiac function completely recovered with the addition of bromocriptine to standard therapies. We discuss the role of thyroid hormones in the development of PPCM through aggravation of a prolactin-dependent anti-angiogenic effect, and we argue that more attention should be paid to postpartum thyroiditis as a novel risk factor for PPCM.