Médecine personnalisée dans la dermatite atopique

Resume A better understanding of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) combined with the need to improve its management has created an environment that favours the development of new targeted treatments. Indeed, genomics and transcriptomics have provided evidence that distinct endotypes exist in AD, linked to the involvement of different inflammatory pathways. As such, dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 receptor, is the first biotherapy to have obtained marketing authorisation in AD. Several specific therapies are also in advanced stages of development, targeting cytokines of innate inflammation (TSLP) or type 2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31), or JAK/STAT signalling pathways. In addition to therapeutic improvement, personalized medicine also relies on genetic and transcriptomic data which can most certainly be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of AD, but also of the occurrence of other atopic co-morbidities. This review therefore aims to provide an overview of the advances that will make it possible to deploy personalized medicine in AD.