Role of IL-26+CD26+CD4 T Cells in Pulmonary Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Treatment with Caveolin-1-Ig Fc Conjugate
2016
Obliterative
bronchiolitisis the primary noninfectious pulmonary complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation and the only
pathognomonicmanifestation of pulmonary chronic
graft-versus-host disease(cGVHD). In our recent study, we identified a novel effect of IL-26, which is absent in rodents, on transplant related-obliterative
bronchiolitis. Sublethally irradiated NOD/Shi-scidIL2rγnull mice transplanted with human umbilical cord blood gradually exhibited obliterative
bronchiolitiswith increased collagen deposition and predominant infiltration with human IL-26+CD26+CD4 T cells. Moreover, we showed that IL-26 increased collagen synthesis in fibroblasts in vitro and that collagen contents were increased in a murine GVHD model using IL26 transgenic mice. In vitro analysis demonstrated a significant increase in IL-26 production by CD4 T cells following CD26 costimulation, while immunoglobulin Fc domain fused with the N-terminal of
caveolin-1, the ligand for CD26, (Cav-Ig) effectively inhibited production of IL-26. Administration of Cav-Ig before or after onset of GVHD impeded the development of clinical and histologic features of GVHD without interrupting engraftment of donor-derived human cells, with preservation of the graft-versus-leukemia effect. We concluded that cGVHD of the lungs is caused in part by IL-26+CD26+CD4 T cells, and that treatment with Cav-Ig could be beneficial for cGVHD prevention and therapy.
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