Evaluation of the efficacy of modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)/IMVAMUNE® against aerosolized rabbitpox virus in a rabbit model
2009
Infection of rabbits with aerosolized
rabbitpoxvirus (RPXV) produces a disease similar to
monkeypoxand
smallpoxin humans and provides a valuable, informative model system to test medical countermeasures against orthopoxviruses. Due to the eradication of
smallpox, the evaluation of the efficacy of new-generation
smallpox vaccinesdepends on relevant well-developed animal studies for vaccine
licensure. In this study, we tested the efficacy of IMVAMUNE® [Modified
VacciniaVirus Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN®)] for protecting rabbits against aerosolized RPXV. Rabbits were vaccinated with either
phosphate-buffered saline(PBS),
Dryvax®, a single low dose of IMVAMUNE®, a single high dose of IMVAMUNE®, or twice with a high dose of IMVAMUNE®. Aerosol challenge with a
lethal doseof RPXV was performed 4 weeks after the last vaccination. All PBS control animals succumbed to the disease or were euthanized because of the disease within 7 days postexposure. The rabbits vaccinated with
Dryvax®, a low dose of IMVAMUNE®, or a single high dose of IMVAMUNE® showed minimal to moderate clinical signs of the disease, but all survived the challenge. The only clinical sign displayed by rabbits that had been vaccinated twice with a high dose of IMVAMUNE® was mild transient anorexia in just two out of eight rabbits. This study shows that IMVAMUNE® can be a very effective vaccine against aerosolized RPXV.
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