Membrane assisted and temperature controlled on-line evaporative concentration for microfluidics
2017
A membrane evaporation
concentratorfor continuous flow conditions is introduced. The membrane evaporation
concentratorprovides nearly 30-fold
concentrationin less than 60 min whilst maintaining solute integrity under different sub-ambient pressure conditions and mild temperatures. To better understand the performance of the
concentrator, a theoretical model was developed using caffeine as a model analyte, and used to predict the
concentrationperformance of three target analytes at different conditions. An exponential relationship exists between temperature and
concentrationfactor. By using the model it was determined that a 10-fold
concentration(±0.5) can be performed at 56.72 ± 0.07 °C and at a flow rate of 10 μL min−1. Altogether, the model provides a better understanding of the process and ease of application in a wide variety of analytical methods. This work demonstrates that it is possible to obtain high
concentrationswith a continuously flowing fluid when temperature is precisely controlled and in times that are reasonable compared to existing evaporation
concentrationprocedures.
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