Forming Control in Single-Track Laser Cladding on Crankshaft Based on Multiobjective Optimization

Full-factorial design was applied to investigate the effect of processing parameters on the aspect ratio, wetting angle, and cladding efficiency. The results indicated that all the selected factors were significantly related to processing parameters, with the linear velocity and defocus having a significant influence on the aspect ratio independently and the laser power having a substantial impact on the wetting angle along with the interactions of the laser power and linear velocity, the laser power and defocus, and the linear velocity and defocus. The defocus also showed a significant influence on the cladding efficiency, along with the interactions of the laser power and defocus and of the linear velocity and defocus. Finally, multiobjective optimization was conducted based on a goal of maximizing the grey relational grade. The optimized processing parameter set was found to be 1800 W, 10 mm/s, and 10 mm, resulting in a smaller aspect ratio, larger wetting angle, and higher cladding efficiency.