Neuroimaging in Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation

Abstract There have been a number of dramatic improvements in acquisition and analyses of medical imaging in clinical research. This is especially true with regard to traumatic brain injury (TBI), where increased interest in various forms of TBI (i.e., especially concussion) have generated intense efforts to identify medical imaging biomarkers that could be used to improve diagnosis and prognostic accuracy and monitor the effects of treatment. Thus, the ability to visualize and to track the evolution and/or progression of post-traumatic change continues to advance our understanding of brain injury rehabilitation in clinically meaningful ways. The purpose of this chapter is to describe common imaging findings in TBI and to review recent studies that have utilized imaging to enhance treatment planning and evaluate the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation.