Conception de systèmes de culture multiperformants à l'aide de modèles prédisant la nuisibilité et les services dépendant des adventices

Weeds may be harmful for crop production but are essential for biodiversity conservation. In this project, we analysed and modelled the biophysical processes driving the effects of cultural techniques on weed flora and the latter's impact on crop production (e.g. yield loss, field infestation) and on other biotic components that are either beneficial (e.g. bees, birds) or harmful (e.g. the parasitic plant broomrape) for crop production. We developed and used tools and simulation methods to evaluate and design cropping systems that reconcile crop production, biodiversity and reduced herbicide use. Achieving a high performance for these three objectives was difficult though achieving it for two of them (production and biodiversity, or production and reduced herbicide use) was feasible.