Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract Introduction The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of monomicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), and to identify the risk factors for mortality of SBP. Materials and methods This study was conducted at the Chi Mei Medical Centre, a 900-bed hospital located in southern Taiwan. For the purpose of comparison, reference subjects that consisted of patients with SBP due to Escherichia coli were selected, and were matched in a 1:1 ratio to patients with SBP due to K. pneumoniae. Results A total of 29 patients with SBP caused by K. pneumoniae were identified from 2009 to 2011, and the patients ranged in age from 44 to 88 years (mean, 64.8 years). Liver cirrhosis was the most common underlying disease, followed by active cancer, chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. Compared with the E. coli SBP case, K. pneumoniae SBP cases were more likely to have diabetes mellitus, and were significantly assoSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae