Staphylococcus aureus Virulent PSMα Peptides Induce Keratinocyte Alarmin Release to Orchestrate IL-17-Dependent Skin Inflammation
2017
Summary Staphylococcus aureus commonly colonizes the epidermis, but the mechanisms by which the host senses virulent, but not
commensal, S. aureus to trigger inflammation remain unclear. Using a murine epicutaneous infection model, we found that S. aureus -expressed
phenol-soluble modulin(PSM)α, a group of secreted virulence peptides, is required to trigger cutaneous inflammation. PSMα induces the release of
keratinocyteIL-1α and IL-36α, and signaling via IL-1R and IL-36R was required for induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17. The levels of released IL-1α and IL-36α, as well as IL-17 production by γδ T cells and ILC3 and neutrophil infiltration to the site of infection, were greatly reduced in mice with total or
keratinocyte-specific deletion of the IL-1R and IL-36R signaling adaptor Myd88. Further,
Il17a−/− f −/− mice showed blunted S. aureus -induced inflammation. Thus,
keratinocyteMyd88 signaling in response to S. aureus PSMα drives an IL-17-mediated skin inflammatory response to epicutaneous S. aureus infection.
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