Preliminary effectiveness of an LGBTQ+ affirmative parenting intervention with foster parents

Abstract Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (LGBTQ+) youth are notably overrepresented in the foster care system, often entering the child welfare system because of abuse or neglect associated with familial rejection of youths’ sexual orientation, gender identity, and/or gender expression. LGBTQ+ foster youth are often exposed to identity-based victimization within the foster care system. There is a call for evidence-informed interventions aimed at improving the well-being of LGBTQ+ youth in systems of care. This study examines the initial effectiveness of AFFIRM Caregiver, a 7-session, manualized intervention aimed at enhancing affirmative parenting practices among foster parents. AFFIRM Caregiver was delivered to foster parents (n = 103) at two U.S. sites. Findings indicate significant improvements in affirmative caregiving attitudes, behaviors, and self-efficacy at post-test, as well as at the 3-month follow-up assessment. Given positive preliminary results, AFFIRM Caregiver represents a promising option to address a particularly notable challenge to the safety and well-being of LGBTQ+ youth in care.