Determinants of Bisphenol A and its Chlorinated Derivatives' Concentrations in Colostrum: the EDDS Cohort Study

Chlorinated derivatives of bisphenol A (ClxBPA) are endocrine disruptors that have seldom been studied. The aim was to assess the determinants of ClxBPA presence and bisphenol A (BPA) concentration in colostrum fluid. Pregnant women participating in the EDDS cohort study (France, 2011–2014) received two visits at home during their pregnancies, the objectives being to inform ourselves on their sociodemographic characteristics and consumption habits and to collect their urine samples. A colostrum sample was collected at delivery. All samples were analyzed using solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry method. Among 100 pregnant women, 32% had at least one ClxBPA detected in their colostrum fluid, 19% monochlorobisphenol-A, 23% dichlorobisphenol-A, 16% trichlorobisphenol-A and 2% tetrachlorobisphenol-A. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, sample collection between 24 and 48 h after delivery was associated with lower ClxBPA presence in colostrum (OR = 0.06, 95%CI (0.01, 0.66) compared to colostrum collected during the first 24 h. BPA was detected in 60 colostrum fluids (61%) with mean concentrations of 2.1 ± 6.9 ng/mL. After adjustment, BPA was higher among women currently smoking during the third trimester (β = 1.20 95%CI (0.30, 2.09)) and lower when the sample was collected between 24 and 48 h after delivery (β = -0.72 95%CI (-1.43, -0.02)) compared to colostrum collection during the first 24 h after delivery. Sociodemographic factors, water exposure and food consumption were not associated with presence of ClxBPA in colostrum and concentration of BPA. Confirmation of these results with further powerful studies are needed, particularly those on kinetic investigation of ClxBPA excretion in colostrum would be interesting to improve storage condition’s knowledge.