Development of an Oncolytic Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Encoding a Tumor-suppressor MicroRNA.

Background Attempts have been made to enhance systemic therapy for osteosarcoma. In our previous study, the systemic administration of a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) improved the survival rates of mice with osteosarcoma but did not improve the long-term survival of the animals. Materials and methods In the present study, we developed a novel oncolytic VSV by incorporating tumor-suppressor microRNA143 (rVSV-miR143) to compare the antitumor effects of various doses (10×10-4, 5×10-4, and 1×10-4 multiplicity of infection) of rVSV-miR143 with those of VSV in vitro. Results The cytotoxicity and migration-inhibitory effects of rVSV-miR143 on the osteosarcoma cells were significantly higher than those of VSV alone at a dose of 5×10-4 multiplicity of infection, indicating that rVSV-miRNA143 enhances the antitumor effect at certain doses. Conclusion VSV incorporating tumor-suppressor miRNA143 demonstrated a synergistic antitumor effect on osteosarcoma cells in vitro.