Ellsworth Subglacial Lake, West Antarctica: A Review of Its History and Recent Field Campaigns

Ellsworth Subglacial Lake, first observed in airborne radio echo soundingdata acquired in 1978, is located within a long, deep subglacial trough within the Ellsworth Subglacial Highlands of West Antarctica. Geophysical surveyshave characterized the lake, its subglacial catchment, and the thickness, structure, and flow of the overlying ice sheet. Covering 28.9 km2, Ellsworth Subglacial Lakeis located below 2.9 to 3.3 km of ice at depths of −1361 to −1030 m. Seismic reflection data have shown the lake to be up to 156 m deep and underlain by unconsolidated sediments. Ice sheetflow over the lake is characterized by low velocities ( 2 m of sediment below the lake floor, (4) water circulation modeling suggesting a melting ice-water interface, and (5) coring that can target the deepest point of the lake floor away from marginal, localized sediment sources.