Decreasing incidence and changes in serotype distribution of invasive pneumococcal disease in persons aged under 18 years since introduction of 10-valent and 13-valent conjugate vaccines in Portugal, July 2008 to June 2012
2014
The 10-valent
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(PCV10) became available in Portugal in mid-2009 and the 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) in early 2010. The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in patients aged under 18 years decreased from 8.19 cases per 100,000 in 2008-09 to 4.52/100,000 in 2011-12. However, IPD incidence due to the
serotypesincluded in the 7-valent
conjugate vaccine(PCV7) in children aged under two years remained constant. This fall resulted from significant decreases in the number of cases due to: (i) the additional
serotypesincluded in PCV10 and PCV13 (1, 5, 7F; from 37.6% to 20.6%), particularly
serotype1 in older children; and (ii) the additional
serotypesincluded in PCV13 (3, 6A, 19A; from 31.6% to 16.2%), particularly
serotype19A in younger children. The decrease in
serotype19A before vaccination indicates that it was not triggered by PCV13 administration. The decrease of
serotype1 in all groups, concomitant with the introduction of PCV10, is also unlikely to have been triggered by vaccination, although PCVs may have intensified and supported these trends. PCV13
serotypesremain major causes of IPD, accounting for 63.2% of isolates recovered in Portugal in 2011-12, highlighting the potential role of enhanced vaccination in reducing paediatric IPD in Portugal. .
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