ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКСПРЕССИИ cd133 И cd44 МАРКЕРОВ ОПУХОЛЕВЫХ СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТОК ПРИ МЕТАСТАТИЧЕСКОМ И НЕМЕТАСТАТИЧЕСКОМ РАКЕ ЖЕЛУДКА

Background . Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death due to advanced disease. A special role in the pathogenesis and metastasis of the tumor is assigned to tumor stem cells (TSC ),  responsible for resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and causing tumor progression. Objective : to determine the CD 44 and CD 133 markers of TSC in tumor tissues of non-metastatic and metastatic gastric cancer using the immunohistochemical method. Material and Methods . A prospective study of tumors in patients with gastric cancer was conducted: Group 1 – 20 people with T3–4aN0–3M0G2 tumor, average age 58.9 ± 9.7; Group 2 – 20 people with T3–4aN0–3M1G2 tumor, with metastases in the peritoneum, average age 53.4 ± 11.9. The expression of CD 44 and CD 133 in the tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results . Differences were found in the number of tumor cells expressing the CD 44 marker in the presence and absence of metastases in patients with gastric cancer – their number was 10.0 ± 3.08 and 6.0 ± 2.3, respectively. The CD 133 molecule was detected in 100 % of cases having metastases, while in cases having no metastases, the marker was detected only in 80 % of cases. The average percentage of CD 133 + cells was 21.3 ± 11.6 % in patients with metastatic gastric cancer and 10.0 ± 2.4 % in patients having no metastases. Conclusion . The degree of expression of the CD 44 and CD 133 markers had characteristic differences in patients with gastric cancer, which can be used further to explain the results of the treatment and the prognosis of the disease.