Polycapillary x-ray lenses for single-shot, laser-driven powder diffraction
2018
X-raydiffraction measurements to characterize phase transitions of dynamically compressed high-Z matter at Mbar pressures require both sufficient photon energy and fluence to create data with high fidelity in a single shot. Large-scale laser systems can be used to generate
x-raysources above 10 keV utilizing line radiation of mid-Z elements. However, the laser-to-
x-ray
energy conversion efficiencyat these energies is low, and thermal
x-raysor hot electrons result in unwanted background. We employ polycapillary
x-raylenses in powder
x-raydiffraction measurements using solid target
x-rayemission from either the Z-Beamlet long-pulse or the Z-Petawatt (ZPW) short-pulse laser systems at Sandia National Laboratories. Polycapillary lenses allow for a 100-fold fluence increase compared to a conventional pinhole aperture while simultaneously reducing the background significantly. This enables diffraction measurements up to 16 keV at the few-photon signal level as well as diffraction experiments with ZPW at ...
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