Pediatric and adolescent patients with CKD and ESRD

Abstract While children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit some of the same psychosocial issues seen in adults with CKD, there are unique pediatric aspects observed due to progressive physical, neurological, psychological, and developmental changes. The approach to psychosocial health in children must be holistic, involving caregivers, family, educators, and healthcare professionals. The concern for optimal mental health in children with CKD transcends childhood, as improved healthcare allows the majority of children with childhood onset CKD to live into adulthood. The goal is for both a healthy physical and mental transition to adulthood.