Chest CT Findings in EBUS-TBNA-Proven Anthracosis in Enlarged Mediastinal Lymph Nodes

Purpose: We demonstrate the multislicecomputed tomography (MSCT) findings of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA)-proven hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargementwith signs of anthracosis. Materials and Methods: 53 enlarged lymph nodesin 39 patients (28 male, 11 female) with EBUS-TBNA-confirmed anthracosiswere analyzed retrospectively. Results: The mean short axis diameter of the enlarged lymph nodeswith signs of anthracosiswas 13.7 mm. Lymph nodesmost often showed an ovalshape (84 %) and were well defined in 66 % of cases. Lymph node confluencewas observed in 32 % of cases. Calcifications were documented in 24.5 % of cases. Contrast enhancement and fatty involution were seen seldom (3.8 %). Lymph nodenecrosis was not seen. Conclusion: Lymph node anthracosismay be found most often in enlarged, well defined lymph nodeswith an ovalshape, frequently associated with confluenceand calcifications. Citation Format: • Kirchner J, Mueller P, Broll M et al. Chest CT Findings in EBUS-TBNA-Proven Anthracosisin Enlarged Mediastinal Lymph Nodes. Fortschr Rontgenstr 2014; 186: 1122 – 1126