Molecular Analyte Profiling of the Early Events and Tissue Conditioning Following Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Therapy in Patients With Superficial Bladder Cancer

Purpose: We characterized the innate immune response to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy using a systems approach based on proteomic and cytometric screens.Materials and Methods: Blood and urine were collected from patients receiving intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy before, and 2 and 4 hours after bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment, at the first and third instillation. Proteomic and cytometry based screens were performed.Results: Molecular analyte profiling revealed a prime/boost pattern to the innate response to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin. We identified 36 statistically significant changes in the proteins induced during the third instillation compared to the initial treatment. These analytes were classified into 3 categories of 1) plasma proteins that leaked into the urine, 2) cytokines/chemokines produced locally during the first hours of inflammation and 3) other innate molecules that modulate the bladder microenvironment. To characterize the marked increase in the ...