In vivo and in vitro inhibitory action of 17β-estradiol and environmental estrogen 4-nonylphenol on gonad-inhibiting hormone (GIH) expression in the eyestalks of Litopenaeus vannamei.
2015
The gonad-inhibiting hormone (GIH) belongs to a neuropeptide family synthesized and released in an X-organ sinus gland complex of
crustacean
eyestalks. GIH inhibits
crustaceanovarian maturation by suppressing
vitellogenin(Vtg) synthesis, whereas estrogen is responsible for the stimulation of
vitellogenesis(not established). In this study, the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2, 10-6 M), estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen (TAM, 10-6, 10-7, and 10-8 M), and the environmental estrogen
nonylphenol(NP, 1 μg/L and 100 μg/L) on LvGIH expression in the
eyestalksof shrimp were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed that LvGIH expression decreased significantly during the L. vannamei ovarian maturation cycle. E2 and NP significantly reduced LvGIH transcripts in vivo, but TAM neutralized the inhibitory action of E2 in a dose-dependent manner (P LvGIH expression levels decreased significantly in a time-dependent manner (P in vitro with E2. The results of this study suggested that estrogen regulates GIH expression in L. vannamei
eyestalks. E2 promoted ovarian development not only by directly upregulating
vitellogenesisin the
hepatopancreas, but it was also capable of downregulating LvGIH expression, which indirectly resulted in the stimulation of L. vannamei
vitellogenesis. The gonad-inhibiting hormone (GIH) belongs to a neuropeptide family synthesized and released in an X-organ sinus gland complex of
crustacean
eyestalks. GIH inhibits
crustaceanovarian maturation by suppressing
vitellogenin(Vtg) synthesis, whereas estrogen is responsible for the stimulation of
vitellogenesis(not established). In this study, the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2, 10-6 M), estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen (TAM, 10-6, 10-7, and 10-8 M), and the environmental estrogen
nonylphenol(NP, 1 μg/L and 100 μg/L) on LvGIH expression in the
eyestalksof shrimp were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed that LvGIH expression decreased significantly during the L. vannamei ovarian maturation cycle. E2 and NP significantly reduced LvGIH transcripts in vivo, but TAM neutralized the inhibitory action of E2 in a dose-dependent manner (P LvGIH expression levels decreased significantly in a time-dependent manner (P in vitro with E2. The results of this study suggested that estrogen regulates GIH expression in L. vannamei
eyestalks. E2 promoted ovarian development not only by directly upregulating
vitellogenesisin the
hepatopancreas, but it was also capable of downregulating LvGIH expression, which indirectly resulted in the stimulation of L. vannamei
vitellogenesis.
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