The association of self-blame with treatment preferences in a multi-country cohort of advanced cancer patients from the APPROACH study.

Objective To understand the prevalence of behavioral and characterological self-blame and their associations with stated preferences for life-extension and the use of pain-relief medication in a multi-country cohort of advanced cancer patients. Methods The prevalence of self-blame and reasons participants attributed to their diagnosis was assessed in a sample of 968 advanced cancer patients enrolled in one of five sites from four Asian countries of the multi-country cross-sectional survey titled APRROACH. Ordered probit and Firth logistic regressions were used to determine associations between each type of self-blame and two treatment-related outcomes: participants' stated preference for life-extension and the use of pain-relief medication in the last 24 h. Results Behavioral and characterological self-blame were reported by 41% and 49% of the participants respectively, with only 19% and 2% of participants providing a logically consistent reason for the two types of self-blame. We observed no statistically significant differences in stated preferences for life-extension for either type of self-blame and in the use of pain-relief medication for participants reporting behavioral self-blame. However, participants reporting characterological self-blame were 9.7% (95% CI, 2.0% to 17.3%; p = 0.014) more likely to report using pain-relief medication compared to participants not reporting characterological self-blame. Conclusions A substantial proportion of patients report self-blame and those reporting characterological self-blame appear more likely to use pain medication. Therefore, developing interventions aimed at reducing characterological self-blame might help patients receive only appropriate treatments as opposed to treatments pursued in response to feelings of self-blame.