A diffusional kurtosis imaging study of idiopathic generalized epilepsy with unilateral interictal epileptiform discharges in children.
2016
Summary Background and purpose To investigate brain abnormalities in children with a clinical diagnosis of
idiopathic generalized epilepsy(IGE) and unilateral interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) demonstrated on electroencephalography (EEG) by diffusional
kurtosisimaging (DKI). Materials and methods DKI images were obtained from 18 patients ( n = 9 each in the left and right hemispheres).
Fractional anisotropy(FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and mean
kurtosis(MK) maps were estimated through voxel-based analyses, and compared with 18 normal controls matched for age and sex. Results In the left side group, the significant differences of FA were in the left
fusiform gyrusand
occipital lobeof the white matter (WM). The significant differences of MD were in the left pons. The significant differences of MK were in the
anterior cingulate gyrus,
limbic lobe, gray matter (GM) and WM of the right
cerebrum. In the right side group, the significant differences of FA were in the WM of the left
cerebrum. MD identified differences in the frontal, temporal,
occipital, and
parietal lobesof both hemispheres, especially in the
limbic system,
fusiform gyrus,
uncus, and
parahippocampal gyrus. The significant differences of MK were in the GM of the right
cerebrum, particularly in the
rolandic operculumand frontal lobe. Conclusions DKI is sensitive for the detection of diffusion abnormalities in both WM and GM of IGE in children. Secondary brain abnormalities may exist in regions outside the unilateral epileptogenic zone through the limbic epileptic network, and can be detected by DKI indices FA, MD and MK.
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