Complementary imaging of ultrasound and PET/CT: A new opportunity?

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of complementary imaging of high-resolution ultrasound including CEUS with PET/CT for tissue characterization and tumor detection. MATERIAL AND METHODS 100 patients were examined with PET/CT and US/CEUS between January 2018 until February 2020. All patients underwent PET/CT followed by selective US/CEUS within 4 weeks. Comparison regarding concordant or diverging findings in PET/CT and US. Analysis of the differences concerning the lesions number of found by PET/CT and US/CEUS or the possibility of a secured diagnosis following ultrasound causing therapeutic changes. RESULTS Diverging findings regarding the number of liver lesions in PET/CT and CEUS were found in 35 out of 64 patients (54%). Regarding renal lesions, a more definite diagnosis following ultrasound, causing a change of therapeutic approach, was achieved in 89%. Concordant results in PET/CT and US were found in 83%of patients with splenic and nodal findings. In 78%of patients with increased musculoskeletal or soft tissue tracer uptake, US was able to make a secured diagnosis with therapeutic changes. CONCLUSION The present results indicate a strong benefit of complementary imaging of PET/CT and selective, high-resolution ultrasound especially in patients with liver, renal and musculoskeletal or soft tissue findings.