D-dimer Levels in Chronic Kidney Illness: A Comprehensive and Systematic Literature Review

Enduring kidney illness (CKD) is a mounting worldwide issue with respect to people’s health, needing to get handled in its primary phases by internal specialists. Cardiovascular threats related to all phases of CKD are the main worry. One can measure D-dimer (D-D) generated in the period of the failure of cross-linked fibrin by enzyme immunoassay with the use of monoclonal antibodies. Despite the vital importance of diagnosing and treating this illness, there are few studies in this regard. In the present paper, the authors present an organized literature review on the role of D-D in CKD until 2018. Additionally, the disadvantages and advantages of the revised procedures are debated, and the key issues of CKD are highlighted. The vital problem considered in recent years is that the researchers have tried to improve methods of preventing and treating CKD with different tests and methods. The authors found that increasing the plasma concentrations of D-D in CKD and diabetic nephropathy.