Imaging Findings and Evaluation of Metabolic Bone Disease
2015
Bone is a dynamic organ of the
endoskeleton, playing an important role in structural integrity, mineral reservoirs,
blood production, coagulation, and immunity.
Metabolic bone diseaseencompasses a broad spectrum of inherited and
acquired disordersthat disrupt the normal homeostasis of bone formation and resorption. For patients affected by these processes, radiologic imaging plays a central role in diagnosis, monitoring treatment, and risk stratification. Radiologists should be familiar with the diseases, intimately aware of the imaging findings, and possessive of multimodality expertise to wisely guide the best practice of medicine. The purpose of this paper is to review the imaging features and characteristics of the most common types of
metabolic bone diseasewith highlights of clinically relevant information so that readers can better generate appropriate differential diagnoses and recommendations. For this review, a thorough literature search for the most up-to-date information was performed on several key types of
metabolic bone disease: osteoporosis,
osteomalacia,
rickets,
scurvy,
renal osteodystrophy, hyperparathyroidism, Paget’s disease,
osteogenesis imperfecta,
acromegaly, and
osteopetrosis. Although they all affect the bone, these diseases have both shared characteristic features that can be discerned through imaging.
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