Insights into the genetic determinism and evolution of recombination rates from combining multiple genome-wide datasets in Sheep
2017
Recombinationis a complex biological process that results from a cascade of multiple events during meiosis. Understanding the
genetic determinismof
recombinationcan help to understand if and how these events are interacting. To tackle this question, we studied the patterns of
recombinationin sheep, using multiple approaches and datasets. We constructed genetic maps in the Lacaune breed at a fine scale by combining meiotic
recombinationrates from a large pedigree genotyped with a 50K
SNP arrayand historical
recombinationrates from a sample of unrelated individuals genotyped with a 600K
SNP array. This analysis revealed
recombinationpatterns in sheep similar to other mammals but also genome regions that have likely been affected by directional and diversifying selection. We estimated the average
recombinationrate of Lacaune sheep at 1.5 cM/Mb, identified about 50,000 crossover hotspots on the genome and found a high correlation between population- and pedigree-based
recombinationrate estimates. A genome-wide association study revealed three major loci affecting inter-individual variation in
recombinationrate, including the RNF212, HEI10 and
KCNJ15genes. Finally, we compared our results to those obtained previously in a distantly related population of domestic sheep, the Soay. This comparison revealed on one hand that Soay and Lacaune sheep have similar
genetic determinantof total
recombinationrate while confirming that
Soay sheephave experienced strong selection greatly increasing their
recombinationrate. Taken together these observations highlight that multiple genetically independent pathways affect
recombinationrate.
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