International Consensus on Risk Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Treated with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter (SGLT) Inhibitors
2019
Sodium glucose
cotransporter(SGLT) inhibitors are new oral antidiabetic medications shown to effectively reduce
glycated hemoglobin(A1C) and glycemic variability, blood pressure and body weight without intrinsic properties to cause hypoglycemia in people with
type 1 diabetes. However, recent studies, particularly in individuals with
type 1 diabetes, have demonstrated increases in the absolute risk of
diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA). Some cases presented with near-normal blood glucose levels or mild hyperglycemia, complicating the recognition/diagnosis of DKA and potentially delaying treatment. Several SGLT-inhibitors are currently under review by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European regulatory agencies as an adjunct to insulin therapy in people with
type 1 diabetes. Strategies must be developed and disseminated to the medical community to mitigate the associated DKA risk. This consensus report reviews current data regarding SGLT- inhibitor use and provides recommendations to enhance the safety of SGLT-inhibitors in people with
type 1 diabetes.
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