Surface and Tropospheric Water Vapor Variability and Decadal Trends at Two Supersites of CO-PDD (Cézeaux and Puy de Dôme) in Central France
2018
We present an analysis of decadal in situ and remote sensing observations of
water vaporover the Cezeaux and puy de Dome, located in central France (45° N, 3° E), in order to document the variability, cycles and trends of surface and tropospheric
water vaporat different time scales and the geophysical processes responsible for the
water vapordistributions. We use meteorological stations, GPS (Global Positioning System), and lidar datasets, supplemented with three remote sources of
water vapor(COSMIC-
radio-occultation, ERA-interim-ECMWF numerical model, and AIRS-satellite). The
annual cycleof
water vaporis clearly established for the two sites of different altitudes and for all types of measurement. Cezeaux and puy de Dome present almost no
diurnal cycle, suggesting that the variability of surface
water vaporat this site is more influenced by a sporadic meteorological system than by regular diurnal variations. The lidar dataset shows a greater monthly variability of the vertical distribution than the COSMIC and AIRS satellite products. The Cezeaux site presents a positive trend for the GPS
water vaportotal column (0.42 ± 0.45 g·kg−1/decade during 2006–2017) and a significant negative trend for the surface
water vapormixing ratio (−0.16 ± 0.09 mm/decade during 2002–2017). The multi-linear regression analysis shows that continental forcings (East Atlantic Pattern and East Atlantic-West Russia Pattern) have a greater influence than oceanic forcing (
North Atlantic Oscillation) on the
water vaporvariations.
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