Septic arthritis of the hip with Propionibacterium avidum bacteremia after intraarticular treatment for hip osteoarthritis.

Abstract Propionibacterium avidum is a Gram-positive, nonsporulating, facultative anaerobe that has a low level of virulence and is rarely pathogenic. This ubiquitous inhabitant of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles can cause acne vulgaris. Very rarely, P. avidum causes systemic infections after invasive procedures, most notably in immunocompromised patients. Two cases of sacroiliitis due to P. avidum have been reported. We report a case of P. avidum arthritis of the hip with severe sepsis that developed in a 78-year-old woman after intraarticular glucocorticoid treatment for hip osteoarthritis. We are unaware of previous reports of P. avidum hip arthritis.