The Double Burdens of Mental Health Among AIDS Patients With Fully Successful Immune Restoration: A Cross-Sectional Study of Anxiety and Depression in China
2018
Background
Anxietyand depression continue to be significant comorbidities for people with HIV infection. We investigated the prevalence and factors associated with
anxietyand depression among adult HIV-infected patients across China. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we describe clinical and psychosocial variables related to depression and
anxietyin 4103 HIV-infected persons. Doctors assessed
anxietyand depression by asking patients whether they had experienced
anxietyor depression in prior month. Patients also completed the Hospital
Anxietyand Depression (HAD) scale with score ≧ 8 on HAD-A/D consistent with
anxietyor depression. Results Associations between socio-demographic, psychosocial, and ART-related clinical factors and risk of depression or
anxietywere investigated using multivariable logistic regression. Among these patients (assessed 9/2014 -11/2015), 27.4% had
anxiety, 32.9% had depression, and 19.0% had both. Recentness of HIV diagnoses (P=0.046) was associated with elevated odds of
anxiety. Older age(P=0.004), higher educational attainment (P<0.001),employment (P=0.001), support from family / friends (P<0.001), and sleep disturbance (P<0.001), and number of ART regimen switches(P=0.046) were associated with risk of depression, while neither sex nor transmission route showed any associations. There were no significant associations with HIV-specific clinical factors including current CD4+ T cell count and current viral load. Conclusions Prevalence of
anxietyand depression is high in this cohort of treated HIV patients. Psychological and social-demographic factors, rather than HIV disease status, were associated with risk of depression and
anxiety. This finding highlights the need to consider the mental health issues of HIV-infected persons even with fully successful immune restoration across China.
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